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Diva Envitec

ELECTROFLOC

Electrochemical Destabilisation & Separation of Difficult Wastewater Contaminants

ELECTROFLOC from Diva Envitec Pvt Ltd is an electrocoagulation and electroflocculation system for treating industrial wastewater containing colour, colloidal matter, suspended solids, emulsified oils and heavy metals. The process generates active iron or aluminium coagulant species directly within the wastewater through controlled electrochemical reactions.

The electro-generated hydroxides destabilise and capture contaminants to form separable flocs, reducing dependence on bulk chemical coagulant addition. ELECTROFLOC can operate as a standalone physicochemical treatment stage or as an engineered pretreatment before biological treatment, advanced oxidation, filtration and membrane systems.

01

From Electrode Reaction to Contaminant Separation

  1. Electrochemical activation

    direct current is applied across iron or aluminium electrodes immersed in the wastewater, resulting in controlled generation of metal ions.

  2. In-situ coagulant formation

    the generated metal ions react with water to form active hydroxide species that perform the coagulation function directly within the reactor.

  3. Charge destabilisation

    colloids, pigments, emulsions and finely dispersed contaminants are destabilised through charge neutralisation and associated electrochemical mechanisms.

  4. Adsorption & precipitation

    dissolved and particulate contaminants become associated with the generated metal hydroxides through adsorption, entrapment, precipitation and co-precipitation.

  5. Floc development

    destabilised contaminants aggregate into larger flocs suitable for downstream solid-liquid separation.

  6. Electroflotation

    fine hydrogen bubbles generated at the cathode can attach to the flocs and assist their transport to the surface.

  7. Solid-liquid separation

    generated solids are removed through flotation, clarification, settling or filtration depending upon the wastewater characteristics.

02

Engineered Advantages of ELECTROFLOC

  • In-situ generation of iron or aluminium coagulants

  • Effective destabilisation of fine colloidal and suspended contaminants

  • Strong potential for colour and pigment removal

  • Treatment of emulsified oil and oil-bearing wastewater

  • Removal of several dissolved heavy metals through precipitation and co-precipitation

  • Reduced dependence on externally dosed inorganic coagulants

  • Compact electrochemical reactor configuration

  • Modular design suitable for capacity expansion

  • Suitable for retrofitting into existing ETPs

  • Can be integrated with biological, membrane and advanced oxidation processes

  • Process conditions optimised through wastewater-specific treatability studies

03

Where Electrocoagulation Delivers

  • Textile, dyeing & pigments

    colour, dyes, pigments, colloids and suspended solids

  • Pulp & paper

    colour, suspended solids and difficult organic contaminants

  • Electroplating & metal finishing

    heavy metals and metal-bearing wastewater

  • Petroleum & petrochemical

    emulsified oils, oil & grease and suspended contaminants

  • Paints & surface coatings

    pigments, colour and finely dispersed solids

  • Mining & minerals

    metals, turbidity and fine mineral particles

  • Food processing

    fats, oils, grease and suspended organic matter

  • Tanneries

    colour, suspended matter and metal-containing wastewater

  • Chemical & process industries

    complex effluents requiring physicochemical pretreatment

  • Municipal wastewater

    turbidity, suspended solids and phosphorus reduction

04

Designed Around Wastewater Chemistry

Electrocoagulation is not a one-setting treatment process. Performance is governed by wastewater chemistry together with electrode material, pH, conductivity, current density, electrode spacing, hydraulic residence time and the selected solids-separation method.

Diva Envitec evaluates the wastewater through treatability studies to establish the optimum process conditions and determine contaminant removal, electrical energy requirement, electrode consumption, sludge generation and downstream treatment requirements before scale-up.

05

Integrating ELECTROFLOC into the Treatment Train

Depending upon the treatment objective, ELECTROFLOC can be engineered as:

  • ELECTROFLOC → Biological Treatment

    For physicochemical pretreatment and reduction of inhibitory or difficult contaminants before the biological stage.

  • ELECTROFLOC → AOP

    For combining contaminant destabilisation with oxidative destruction of residual refractory organics.

  • ELECTROFLOC → UF / NF / RO

    For reducing suspended, colloidal and selected foulant loads before membrane separation.

  • ELECTROFLOC → Filtration / Adsorption

    For polishing and removal of residual suspended or dissolved contaminants.

06

Evaluate Your Wastewater with ELECTROFLOC

The wastewater defines the process.

Treatability studies help establish whether electrocoagulation is appropriate and determine the operating window required for reliable scale-up.

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Every effluent has a different process signature.

Share your feed characteristics and operating constraints. Our engineers will evaluate the appropriate treatment pathway and integration strategy.

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